Frozen shoulder,” also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. It typically develops gradually over time and can significantly limit shoulder movement. Here’s an overview of its symptoms, causes, and treatment options:
Symptoms:
Pain: Persistent pain in the shoulder joint, often worsened by movement or pressure on the shoulder.
Stiffness: Gradual onset of shoulder stiffness, making it difficult to move the arm in various directions.
Limited Range of Motion :Â Difficulty in performing activities that involve overhead motion or reaching behind the back.
Progressive Worsening : Symptoms tend to worsen over time, with periods of severe pain and stiffness.
Causes:
The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not always clear, but several factors may contribute to its development:
- Inflammation: Inflammation of the shoulder capsule, a connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint, can lead to thickening and tightening of the capsule.
- Scar Tissue Formation: Following an injury or surgery to the shoulder, scar tissue may form in the shoulder joint, leading to restricted movement.
- Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and cardiovascular disease are associated with an increased risk of developing frozen shoulder.
- Immobilization: Prolonged immobilization of the shoulder joint, such as wearing a sling after injury or surgery, can contribute to the development of frozen shoulder.
Treatment Options:
- Physical Therapy : Gentle stretching exercises and physical therapy can help improve shoulder mobility and reduce stiffness.
- Pain Management : Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, may help alleviate shoulder pain and discomfort.
- Corticosteroid Injections : Injections of corticosteroids into the shoulder joint can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
- Joint Manipulation Under Anesthesia (MUA) : In some cases, a procedure called manipulation under anesthesia may be performed to break up scar tissue and improve shoulder mobility.
- Surgical Intervention : In severe cases where conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical options such as arthroscopic release or manipulation may be considered to loosen the shoulder capsule and improve range of motion.
It’s important to note that the treatment approach for frozen shoulder may vary depending on the individual’s symptoms, the severity of the condition, and any underlying medical conditions. A healthcare professional, typically an orthopaedic specialist or physical therapist, can provide guidance on the most appropriate treatment plan based on the specific needs of the patient. Early intervention and a comprehensive treatment approach are key to managing frozen shoulder effectively and minimizing long-term disability.